rear drum brake adjustment

Understanding Rear Drum Brake Adjustment A Step-by-Step Guide

Rear drum brakes are a common component of many vehicles, particularly older models and certain compact cars. Unlike disc brakes, which use a caliper and rotor, drum brakes utilize a drum and brake shoes that press against the drum’s inner surface to create friction and slow or stop the vehicle. Proper adjustment of these brakes is crucial for optimal performance, safety, and longevity. In this article, we'll explore the importance of rear drum brake adjustment and provide a step-by-step guide to help you adjust them correctly.

Why Adjust Rear Drum Brakes?

1. Safety Properly adjusted brakes ensure even contact between the brake shoes and the drum. If the brakes are too loose, they may not engage effectively, resulting in longer stopping distances. Conversely, if they are too tight, they can cause excessive wear, overheating, and a potential loss of control.

2. Performance Good brake adjustment improves the responsiveness of your vehicle. It enhances braking efficiency, leading to better performance and driving experience.

3. Tire Wear Uneven brake application can lead to uneven tire wear. By maintaining a proper brake adjustment, you can prolong the life of your tires and improve overall handling.

4. Fuel Efficiency Misadjusted brakes can create drag, which uses more fuel. Properly functioning brakes minimize this drag, improving your vehicle’s fuel efficiency.

Tools and Materials Needed

- Jack and jack stands - Lug wrench - Brake cleaner - Brake adjustment tool (if necessary) - Wrench set - Safety glasses and gloves

Step-by-Step Brake Adjustment

1. Preparation First, ensure the vehicle is on a level surface. Engage the parking brake. Use the lug wrench to loosen the lug nuts on the rear wheels, but do not remove them yet.

2. Raise the Vehicle Using the jack, lift the rear of the vehicle off the ground and securely position jack stands beneath it. Remove the lug nuts and take off the rear wheels to access the drum brakes.

3. Inspect the Brakes Before making any adjustments, check the condition of the brake shoes and drums. Look for signs of wear, such as grooves or cracking in the drum and uneven wear on the shoes. If they are worn out, replace them before proceeding.

4. Access the Adjustment Mechanism Typically, rear drum brakes have an adjustment wheel or screw located at the bottom of the backing plate. You may need to remove a rubber plug to access this part.

5. Adjust the Shoes Using your brake adjustment tool, turn the adjustment wheel or screw. If you’re tightening the shoes, turn it clockwise until you can no longer freely rotate the drum. Then, back off slightly until the drum spins freely but has a slight drag. Adjust both sides evenly to ensure balanced braking.

6. Reassemble Once adjusted, replace any rubber plugs and reattach the brake drum. Then, reinstall the wheels and hand-tighten the lug nuts.

7. Lower the Vehicle Carefully remove the jack stands and lower the vehicle to the ground. Once the vehicle is back on the ground, use the lug wrench to securely tighten the lug nuts in a crisscross pattern.

8. Test the Brakes Before taking your vehicle on the road, pump the brake pedal a few times to seat the shoes properly against the drum. Then, perform a brief test drive at low speeds to ensure the brakes are functioning correctly.

Conclusion

Adjusting rear drum brakes is a straightforward but essential task for maintaining vehicle safety and performance. By following the step-by-step guide outlined above, you can ensure that your brakes operate efficiently, prolonging the life of both the braking system and your tires. Regular maintenance, including brake adjustments, can go a long way in enhancing your driving experience and ensuring road safety. Always remember, if in doubt about your ability to perform brake adjustments or repairs, consult a professional mechanic.