rear drum brakes sticking

Understanding Sticking Rear Drum Brakes Causes and Solutions

Rear drum brakes are a common braking system in many vehicles, particularly older models and light trucks. Although they are effective in providing stopping power, they are not without their issues. One of the most frustrating problems drivers may encounter is when the rear drum brakes begin to stick. This can lead to reduced braking efficiency, uneven tire wear, and potentially dangerous driving conditions. In this article, we will explore the reasons behind sticking rear drum brakes, how to diagnose the problem, and potential solutions to fix it.

Causes of Sticking Rear Drum Brakes

1. Corrosion and Rust One of the most common culprits of sticking drum brakes is corrosion. Over time, the metal components of the brake system can develop rust, particularly in areas exposed to moisture and road salt. This rust can hinder the movement of the brake shoes, making them stick to the drum.

2. Worn Components As with any mechanical system, wear and tear is inevitable. Brake shoes, drums, and the hardware that connects them can wear down over time. When brake shoes become too thin or if the drum wears unevenly, the shoes may not retract properly, leading to a sticking sensation.

3. Improper Installation If the brake components have been replaced or serviced recently, improper installation can lead to issues. If the brake shoes are installed incorrectly or if the springs that hold them in place are damaged or improperly positioned, it can cause the shoes to stick.

4. Moisture and Contaminants Brake systems can collect moisture, dirt, and debris over time. These contaminants can jam the components, preventing the proper retraction of the brake shoes after braking. This is particularly problematic in humid or wet climates.

5. Faulty Wheel Cylinders The wheel cylinder plays a critical role in drum brakes by pushing the brake shoes against the drum. If the cylinder becomes corroded, leaks, or fails, it might not disengage the brakes completely, leading to sticking.

Diagnosing the Problem

- Visual Inspection Start by removing the wheel and inspecting the drum brake assembly. Look for obvious signs of wear, corrosion, or damage. Check the wheel cylinders for leaks and ensure that all components are properly aligned and secured.

- Listen for Noises Pay attention to any unusual noises while driving, especially if you hear grinding, screeching, or a metallic sound when applying the brakes. This could indicate that the brake pads or shoes are malfunctioning.

- Feel for Resistance After engaging and releasing the brakes several times, feel for any resistance when spinning the rear wheels. If they do not turn freely, the brakes may be sticking.

- Test Drive Conduct a test drive in a safe area to see if the vehicle pulls to one side, if there's a difference in braking performance, or if the brakes hiss or struggle to retract.

Solutions to Sticking Rear Drum Brakes

Once you’ve diagnosed the issue, it’s time to address it

1. Clean and Lubricate If rust or debris is causing the sticking, a thorough cleaning may be all that's needed. Use a brake cleaner to remove corrosion and dirt, and apply a suitable lubricant to the pivot points of the brake shoes.

2. Replace Worn Components If any parts are found to be excessively worn, replacing them is critical. This may include brake shoes, drums, or the wheel cylinder. Always ensure that new components are installed correctly.

3. Check Installation If the braking system has been serviced recently, double-check the installation of all components to ensure they are aligned and functioning as intended.

4. Professional Help If the issue persists, it may be time to consult a professional mechanic. They can perform a more thorough inspection and identify problems that may not be visible during a casual check.

Conclusion

Sticking rear drum brakes can lead to significant safety issues and should be addressed promptly. By understanding the causes, effectively diagnosing the problem, and applying the right solutions, you can ensure that your braking system remains in optimal condition. Regular maintenance is key to longevity and performance, so don’t overlook the importance of keeping your brakes in check. If in doubt, always seek professional assistance to keep you safe on the road.