How to Change Shoes on Drum Brakes for Optimal Performance and Safety

Replacing Shoes on Drum Brakes A Step-by-Step Guide

Drum brakes are a common braking system used in many vehicles, particularly older models and some light trucks. They operate by pushing brake shoes against the inner surface of a drum to create friction, which slows down the vehicle. Over time, the brake shoes can wear out and need replacement. This article will guide you through the process of replacing shoes on drum brakes.

Tools and Materials Needed

Before you start the replacement process, ensure you have the following tools and materials

- Jack and jack stands - Lug wrench - Brake cleaner - New brake shoes - Spring tools or needle-nose pliers - Screwdriver - Torque wrench - Gloves and safety glasses

Step 1 Safety First

Always prioritize safety when working on your vehicle. Park the vehicle on a level surface and engage the parking brake. Use wheel chocks to prevent any movement. Put on your safety glasses and gloves before you begin.

Step 2 Lift the Vehicle

Using a lug wrench, loosen the lug nuts on the rear wheels (if replacing rear brakes) while the wheel is still on the ground. Next, use the jack to lift the vehicle and secure it with jack stands. Remove the lug nuts completely and take off the wheel.

Step 3 Remove the Drum

Once the wheel is off, inspect the drum brake assembly. Look for any visible signs of wear or damage. To remove the brake drum, you may need to adjust the brake shoes inward via the star wheel adjuster located through a hole in the backing plate. After adjusting, carefully slide the drum off. If it’s stubborn, taps with a rubber mallet can help, but be gentle to avoid damaging the drum.

With the drum removed, inspect all associated components like the drum, shoes, and hardware for any signs of wear or damage. Replace any worn-out parts, such as the drum itself or the adjuster.

Step 5 Remove Old Brake Shoes

Now it’s time to take out the old brake shoes. Carefully detach the springs and the retaining clips using the spring tools or pliers. Keep track of how the components are arranged; taking pictures can help you remember the configuration. Once all springs and hardware are removed, take out the worn brake shoes.

Step 6 Install New Brake Shoes

With the old shoes removed, start installing the new brake shoes. Follow the layout of the old shoes, ensuring that everything is positioned correctly. Attach the new shoes using the same method you used to remove them, replacing any worn hardware as necessary.

Step 7 Reinstall the Drum

After securing the new shoes, check to ensure that the adjuster is set correctly and isn’t overly tight. Slide the drum back into place, ensuring it moves freely. If there's resistance, it may indicate that the adjuster needs further adjustment.

Step 8 Reassemble the Wheel

Now, put the wheel back on the hub and hand-tighten the lug nuts. Lower the vehicle off the jack stands and onto the ground, then torque the lug nuts to the manufacturer's specifications, ensuring they are tight and secure.

Step 9 Test Your Brakes

Before driving, pump the brake pedal a few times to seat the new shoes. Check the brake fluid level in the master cylinder and ensure everything looks good. Once you've done all this, take the vehicle for a short test drive to ensure the new brakes are functioning properly.

Conclusion

Replacing shoes on drum brakes is a manageable task for those with a little mechanical know-how. By following this step-by-step guide, you can save time and money while ensuring your vehicle’s braking system performs optimally. Remember, if you are ever in doubt, consult a professional mechanic to ensure your safety on the road.