How to Change and Maintain Drum Brakes for Optimal Performance

Replacing Drum Brakes A Comprehensive Guide

Drum brakes are a common type of braking system found in many vehicles, especially older models and certain budget-friendly options. While they may not offer the same performance as disc brakes, they are effective and can be maintained with relative ease. However, over time, drum brakes can wear out, leading to reduced braking efficiency and safety risks. This article provides a comprehensive guide on how to replace drum brakes effectively.

Understanding Drum Brakes

Before diving into the replacement process, it is essential to understand how drum brakes work. When you press the brake pedal, hydraulic fluid is sent to the wheel cylinder, pushing the brake shoes against the inner surface of the drum. This friction slows down the vehicle. Over time, the brake shoes wear down, and the drum may also become warped or damaged, necessitating a replacement.

Tools and Materials Needed

To replace drum brakes, you will need a few basic tools and materials - A jack and jack stands - A lug wrench - A drum brake service kit (including new brake shoes and springs) - A brake drum gauge (optional) - Brake cleaner - Grease - A screwdriver and pliers

1. Safety First Park the vehicle on a flat surface and engage the parking brake. For added safety, place wheel chocks behind the rear wheels.

2. Lift the Vehicle Use the jack to lift the vehicle and secure it on jack stands. Ensure it’s stable before proceeding.

3. Remove the Wheel Utilize the lug wrench to remove the lug nuts and take off the wheel, exposing the drum.

4. Inspect the Drum Before removing the drum, check its condition. If it’s damaged or scored, it will need to be replaced along with the shoes.

5. Remove the Brake Drum If the drum is stuck, gently tap it with a hammer to break it loose. Once free, slide it off the hub.

6. Replace the Brake Shoes Remove the old brake shoes and any accompanying hardware such as springs and retaining clips. Install the new brake shoes by attaching them to the backing plate, making sure they are aligned correctly.

7. Install New Hardware Attach new springs and any necessary hardware from the service kit to ensure everything functions correctly.

8. Reattach the Brake Drum Slide the drum back onto the hub. Check for any unusual resistance; if the drum is tight, make sure the shoes are adjusted properly.

9. Reinstall the Wheel Put the wheel back on and hand-tighten the lug nuts. Lower the vehicle back to the ground, then fully tighten the lug nuts in a crisscross pattern.

10. Test the Brakes Before driving, pump the brake pedal several times to ensure the shoes are properly seated against the drum. Take a cautious test drive to confirm everything is functioning correctly.

Conclusion

Replacing drum brakes is an achievable task for those with basic mechanical skills and the right tools. Properly maintained drum brakes can provide adequate stopping power, ensuring safe driving for years. However, if you're uncertain or encounter issues, it’s always best to consult with a professional mechanic.