Guide to Adjusting Handbrake on Drum Brake Systems for Improved Performance

How to Adjust Handbrake on Drum Brakes

Adjusting the handbrake on drum brakes is an essential maintenance task that enhances the safety and performance of your vehicle. A properly adjusted handbrake prevents the vehicle from rolling when parked and ensures effective braking when needed. This article provides a comprehensive guide on how to adjust the handbrake on drum brakes.

Understanding Drum Brakes and Handbrakes

Drum brakes operate using friction between brake shoes and a spinning drum. When the handbrake is engaged, it pulls the brake shoes against the drum, creating the necessary friction to hold the vehicle in place. Over time, due to wear and tear, the tension on the handbrake can decrease, making it less effective. Regular adjustment is crucial for optimal performance.

Tools and Materials Needed

Before starting the adjustment, ensure you have the following tools - A jack and jack stands - A socket set or wrenches - Screwdriver - Brake cleaner (optional) - Rags or paper towels

Step-by-Step Instructions

1. Safety First Park your vehicle on a level surface and engage the handbrake. Turn off the engine and remove the key. If you're working on a rear wheel, chock the front wheels to ensure the car doesn’t move.

2. Raise the Vehicle Use the jack to lift the vehicle and then secure it with jack stands. Never rely solely on the jack for support.

3. Remove the Wheel Use a socket set to remove the lug nuts and take off the wheel. This gives you access to the drum brakes.

4. Inspect the Brake Components Before adjusting the handbrake, inspect the brake components for wear. Look for the condition of the brake shoes, drum, and any signs of leaks or damage.

5. Locate the Adjusting Mechanism In most drum brake systems, there is an adjuster that can be accessed through a slot in the drum or between the brake shoes. This adjuster is typically a star wheel or a ratchet mechanism.

6. Adjust the Brake Shoes Using a screwdriver, rotate the adjusting mechanism. Turning it “up” or “clockwise” usually expands the shoes and increases contact with the drum. Make small adjustments, checking the feel of the shoe engagement frequently. You want the shoes to engage firmly without dragging against the drum.

7. Check the Handbrake Cable Tension After adjusting the brake shoes, check the handbrake cable tension. Locate the handbrake lever assembly inside the vehicle. If there’s too much play in the handbrake lever, you may need to adjust the cable tension. Look for the adjusting nut on the cable and tighten it slightly to reduce slack.

8. Reassemble and Test Once adjustments are complete, reassemble the wheel and lower the vehicle. Test the handbrake by engaging it while the car is in gear to ensure it holds the vehicle in place. Ideally, the handbrake should engage within a few clicks of the lever.

9. Final Check and Cleaning Ensure all tools are removed, and clean up any brake dust or debris. Inspect for any leaks or abnormal noises during your test drive, indicating potential issues that may need further attention.

Conclusion

Adjusting your handbrake on drum brakes is a straightforward process that can significantly improve your vehicle’s safety and performance. By following these steps and regularly maintaining your braking system, you can ensure your vehicle remains in top condition. If you’re uncomfortable performing this task, it’s always advisable to consult a professional mechanic. Regular maintenance not only prolongs the life of your vehicle but also guarantees your safety on the road.