Guidelines for Properly Adjusting Electric Trailer Drum Brake Systems

How to Adjust Electric Trailer Drum Brakes

Electric trailer drum brakes are essential for safe towing, providing the necessary stopping power. However, proper adjustment is crucial to ensure they operate efficiently and effectively. Over time, wear and tear can lead to improper alignment, reducing braking capability and increasing the risk of accidents. This guide will walk you through some essential steps to adjust electric trailer drum brakes to enhance your trailer’s braking performance.

Understanding Electric Drum Brakes

Electric drum brakes function using an electric brake controller that sends a signal to the trailer's brakes when the towing vehicle slows down. Inside each drum, an electric magnet is activated, which pushes the brake shoes against the drum, creating friction that slows down the wheel. Regular maintenance and adjustment are key to ensuring these components work optimally.

Tools You'll Need

Before you begin, gather the following tools

- A jack and jack stands - A lug wrench - A brake adjustment tool or flathead screwdriver - A ruler or measuring tape - Brake cleaner (optional) - Gloves and safety glasses

Step-by-Step Adjustment Process

1. Prepare the Trailer Start by ensuring the trailer is parked on a level surface. Engage the parking brake and block the wheels to prevent rolling. For safety, wear gloves and safety glasses throughout the process.

2. Lift the Trailer Use the jack to lift the trailer, then place jack stands under adequate points for support. Remove the wheels by loosening the lug nuts with the lug wrench, then set the wheels aside.

3. Inspect the Brake Assembly Before starting the adjustment, inspect the drum brakes for any wear or damage. Look for cracks in the drum, worn-out brake shoes, or signs of excessive dust. If any part seems damaged, replace it before proceeding.

4. Access the Adjustment Mechanism Locate the adjustment hole on the brake assembly. This is typically covered by a rubber plug. Remove the plug to access the adjustment wheel or star wheel adjuster.

5. Adjust the Brake Shoes Using a brake adjustment tool or a flathead screwdriver, turn the star wheel adjuster. Turn the adjuster upwards to increase the tension on the brake shoes, or downwards to decrease it. The goal is to create a snug fit between the brake shoes and the drum without causing binding. A good starting point is often about 1/8 inch between the shoes and the drum.

6. Check the Brake Drag After adjusting, rotate the drum by hand. If it spins freely with just a slight drag, you are in good shape. If it binds or feels too tight, back off the adjustment slightly. Repeat the adjustment process on the other wheel.

7. Reassemble the Trailer Once both sides are adjusted properly, reattach the wheels, securing them with the lug nuts. Lower the trailer from the jack stands and remove any blocks or tools used in the process.

8. Test Your Brakes Finally, conduct a test drive in a safe area. Start slowly and check to see how the trailer brakes respond. Make additional adjustments if necessary.

Conclusion

Regular maintenance, including the adjustment of electric trailer drum brakes, is essential for safe towing. By following these steps, you can ensure that your trailer's braking system is operating at peak efficiency, reducing wear on the brakes and providing peace of mind when hitting the road. Always consult your trailer’s manual for specific guidelines and specifications, and don’t hesitate to seek professional help if you’re unsure about the process. Safe travels!