Step-by-step guide for successfully converting and refurbishing automotive brake drums for improved performance

How to Turn Brake Drums A Step-by-Step Guide

Brake drums are vital components of a vehicle's braking system, especially in older models and certain types of vehicles like trucks and trailers. Over time, brake drums can wear down, warp, or become out of round, leading to diminished braking performance and increased stopping distances. Turning brake drums, also known as resurfacing, can restore them to proper working conditions. This article will guide you through the process of turning brake drums, providing insights and tips for a successful outcome.

Understanding Brake Drum Anatomy

Before embarking on the turning process, it’s essential to grasp the basic structure and function of brake drums. Brake drums are circular components that house the brake shoes. When you apply the brakes, the shoes expand outward against the inner surface of the drum, creating the friction necessary to slow down or stop the vehicle. Over time, this friction can cause grooves, scoring, or uneven wear on the drum’s surface. Turning the drum essentially means machining the inner surface to restore its smoothness and roundness.

Tools Required

1. Brake Drum Lathe Specialized machinery designed for turning brake drums. 2. Calipers For measuring the drum's inner diameter and checking for any out-of-roundness. 3. Wrenches and sockets For loosening the drum from the wheel assembly. 4. Safety goggles and gloves To protect yourself during the process.

Step-by-Step Process

1. Safety First Always wear safety goggles and gloves to protect against debris and sharp edges. Ensure the vehicle is parked on a stable surface, and use wheel chocks on the opposite wheels to prevent any movement.

2. Remove the Wheel Using the appropriate tools, loosen and remove the wheel nuts. Once the wheel is off, you'll have access to the brake drum.

3. Disconnect the Brake Drum Remove any retaining clips or bolts that hold the brake drum in place. Gently pull the drum off the axle. If the drum is stuck, use a brake drum puller to avoid damaging the components.

4. Measure the Drum Before turning the drum, measure its diameter with calipers. Check for any warping or out-of-round conditions. If the drum exceeds the manufacturer’s specifications for thickness, it might be more advisable to replace it rather than turn it.

5. Setup the Lathe Secure the brake drum onto the lathe. Ensure it is properly aligned to avoid uneven cuts during the turning process.

6. Turning the Drum Start the lathe and gently adjust the cutting tool to begin machining the inner surface. Monitor the progress to ensure a smooth finish. Regularly check the drum's diameter to confirm it stays within acceptable limits.

7. Inspect the Surface Once the drum has been turned, inspect the surface for smoothness and uniformity. Use a grit pad to polish the surface lightly, ensuring there are no sharp edges or imperfections left.

8. Reinstallation Clean any brake dust or debris from the drum and the surrounding components. Reattach the drum, securing it with the retaining clips or bolts. Replace the wheel and tighten the nuts in a star pattern to ensure even pressure.

9. Test After reassembling, it's crucial to test the braking system. Do not brake hard immediately; gradually apply the brakes to seat the shoes against the newly turned drum and test for any irregularities.

Conclusion

Turning brake drums is a valuable skill that can save you money and prolong the life of your vehicle’s braking system. With the right tools, knowledge, and a bit of practice, you can efficiently turn brake drums and enhance your vehicle’s safety. Always remember to prioritize safety and adhere to manufacturer specifications during the process. If you're ever in doubt, consulting a professional mechanic is always a sound option.