Step-by-step Guide to Changing Wheel Cylinder on Drum Brake System

How to Replace the Wheel Cylinder on Drum Brakes

Replacing the wheel cylinder on drum brakes can seem daunting, but with the right tools and a little patience, it’s a task that many car enthusiasts can tackle themselves. The wheel cylinder is an essential component of the drum brake system, as it provides the hydraulic force needed to push the brake shoes against the brake drum when you apply the brake pedal. Over time, wheel cylinders can develop leaks or become inefficient, leading to poor braking performance. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to replace the wheel cylinder on drum brakes.

Tools and Materials Needed

1. Tools - Jack and jack stands - Lug wrench - Brake line wrench - Socket set - Screwdriver - Pliers - Brake cleaner - Torque wrench

2. Materials - New wheel cylinder - Brake fluid - Replacement brake shoes (if needed) - Brake grease - Shop towels

Step 1 Safety First

Before starting any work, ensure safety by parking on a flat surface and engaging the parking brake. Wear safety glasses and gloves to protect yourself from any debris or brake fluid.

Step 2 Lift the Vehicle

Use the jack to lift the vehicle and secure it on jack stands. Loosen the lug nuts on the wheel you’re working on, but do not remove them yet.

Step 3 Remove the Wheel

Once the vehicle is safely supported, remove the lug nuts and take off the wheel to access the brake assembly.

Step 4 Inspect the Brake Assembly

Before removing the wheel cylinder, take a moment to inspect the entire brake assembly. Check for wear on the brake shoes, drum, and other components. If the brake shoes are worn, it’s a good idea to replace them at the same time.

Step 5 Remove the Brake Drum

Using a socket wrench, remove any retaining screws holding the brake drum in place (if applicable). If the drum is stuck due to corrosion, gently tap it with a hammer to loosen it.

Step 6 Remove the Wheel Cylinder

Locate the wheel cylinder—it’s usually mounted to the backing plate. Use a brake line wrench to disconnect the brake lines from the wheel cylinder. Be careful, as old brake fluid may drip out. You may want to place a towel or container beneath the cylinder to catch any spills. Next, remove the mounting bolts securing the wheel cylinder to the backing plate.

Step 7 Install the New Wheel Cylinder

Position the new wheel cylinder in place and secure it with the mounting bolts. Make sure to tighten them to the manufacturer’s specified torque. Reattach the brake lines to the new cylinder. Ensure the connections are tight but be cautious not to overtighten, which can damage the threads.

Step 8 Reassemble the Brake Assembly

After the wheel cylinder has been installed, if you’re replacing the brake shoes, remove the old shoes and install the new ones using brake grease on the contact points to prevent squeaking. Reattach the brake drum, ensuring it fits securely.

Step 9 Reinstall the Wheel

Place the wheel back on the hub and hand-tighten the lug nuts. Once the wheel is in place, lower the vehicle off the jack stands and onto the ground. Use a torque wrench to tighten the lug nuts to the manufacturer’s specifications in a criss-cross pattern to ensure even tension.

Step 10 Bleed the Brakes

Before driving, it’s essential to bleed the brakes to remove any air that may have entered the system. Have a helper pump the brake pedal while you open the bleeder screw on the wheel cylinder, allowing old fluid and air to escape. Close the screw before your helper releases the pedal. Repeat this process until you see a steady stream of fluid without bubbles.

Step 11 Test Drive

Once you’ve completed the installation and bleeding process, take the vehicle for a short test drive at low speeds to ensure the brakes function correctly. Listen for any unusual noises and pay attention to braking efficiency.

Conclusion

Replacing the wheel cylinder on drum brakes is a manageable task with the right approach. Following these steps and exercising caution can help you maintain your vehicle’s braking system effectively. If you feel uncertain at any step, consider consulting a professional mechanic. Safe driving!