change brake shoes drum brakes

Changing Brake Shoes on Drum Brakes A Step-by-Step Guide

Brake systems are crucial to the safety and performance of any vehicle. Among the various kinds of brake systems, drum brakes are widely used, especially in older vehicles and on the rear wheels of some modern cars. One of the key components in this braking system is the brake shoe, which presses against the inside of the drum to create friction and slow down the vehicle. Over time, brake shoes wear out and need to be replaced to maintain optimal braking performance. In this article, we'll explore how to change brake shoes on drum brakes, ensuring that your vehicle remains safe and reliable on the road.

Tools and Materials Required

Before beginning the task of changing brake shoes, it’s essential to gather the necessary tools and materials, which typically include

1. Jack and Jack Stands To lift the vehicle safely. 2. Wheel Lug Wrench For removing the wheel nuts. 3. Brake Shoe Kit Includes new brake shoes, springs, and any necessary hardware. 4. Brake Cleaner For cleaning the drum and components. 5. Pliers and Wrenches For removing and installing components. 6. Torque Wrench To ensure proper tightening of bolts. 7. Ratchet and Socket Set For various nuts and bolts.

Step-by-Step Instructions

1. Prepare the Vehicle

First, ensure that the vehicle is parked on a flat surface. Engage the parking brake and wear safety glasses. Loosen the wheel lug nuts slightly while the wheel is still on the ground, then use the jack to lift the vehicle and secure it with jack stands. Remove the wheel completely.

2. Remove the Brake Drum

With the wheel off, locate the brake drum. Depending on the vehicle, you may need to remove additional components, such as retaining screws or clips. If the drum is stuck due to rust or dirt, tap it gently with a hammer to loosen it. Once free, slide the drum off to expose the brake assembly.

3. Inspect the Brake Components

Before installation, inspect the brake assembly, including the wheel cylinder, springs, and hardware. Look for signs of wear or damage. If the wheel cylinder is leaking, it’s advisable to replace it alongside the brake shoes.

4. Remove the Old Brake Shoes

Note the configuration of the old brake shoes and any springs or hardware before removing them. Take a photo if necessary for reference. Use pliers to detach the tension springs and remove the old shoes. Be careful as the springs can be under tension.

5. Install New Brake Shoes

Start by attaching the new brake shoes to the backing plate, ensuring they are positioned correctly. Most shoes are marked for the front and rear. Reconnect the springs using pliers, making sure they are secure and properly tensioned. If your brake shoe kit includes new hardware, replace the old hardware during this process.

6. Reinstall the Brake Drum

Once the new brake shoes are in place, carefully reinstall the brake drum. It should fit snugly over the shoes. If it doesn’t, ensure that everything is correctly assembled and that there is no interference with the shoes.

7. Reattach the Wheel

Place the wheel back onto the hub, securing it with the lug nuts. Tighten the lug nuts by hand initially, and then use a torque wrench to apply the manufacturer’s specified torque.

8. Lower the Vehicle and Test

Carefully lower the vehicle off the jack stands and remove them. Before driving, pump the brake pedal several times to seat the new brake shoes against the drum. Check the brake fluid level and inspect for any leaks.

Conclusion

Changing brake shoes on drum brakes can seem daunting, but with the right tools and a bit of patience, it is a manageable task that promotes vehicle safety. Regular inspection and timely replacement of worn brake shoes help ensure effective braking performance. If at any point you feel uncertain or encounter issues during the process, don’t hesitate to consult a professional mechanic. Safety should always be your top priority on the road. By maintaining your brake system properly, you can enjoy a safer driving experience.