Guide to Adjusting Emergency Brake on Drum Brake Systems for Optimal Performance

How to Adjust the Emergency Brake on Drum Brakes

Maintaining your vehicle’s braking system is crucial not only for performance but also for ensuring safety on the road. While commonly overlooked, the adjustment of the emergency brake—also known as the handbrake or parking brake—is an essential part of vehicle maintenance, particularly if your car is equipped with drum brakes. This article will provide a step-by-step guide on how to adjust the emergency brake on drum brakes, ensuring your vehicle is in optimal condition for use.

Understanding Drum Brakes and Emergency Brakes

Drum brakes consist of a cylindrical drum that rotates with the wheel and brake shoes that press against the inside of the drum to create friction, slowing the vehicle. The emergency brake serves as a crucial backup in case the primary braking system fails. It should hold the vehicle in place when parked and should engage easily when activated.

Signs That Your Emergency Brake Needs Adjustment

Before adjusting the emergency brake, it’s essential to identify the signs that indicate adjustment is necessary. Common indicators include

1. Excessive Travel of the Handbrake Lever If you notice that the handbrake lever pulls up significantly higher than usual before engaging, it may need adjustment. 2. Inadequate Holding Power If the vehicle rolls when parked with the emergency brake engaged, this is a clear sign of a need for adjustment. 3. Unusual Noises Grinding or squeaking sounds when you engage the emergency brake could indicate that the brake shoes are worn or misaligned.

Tools You Will Need

Before starting the adjustment process, gather the necessary tools

- Jack and jack stands - Lug wrench - Socket set - Screwdriver - Wrench set - Brake cleaner - Rags - Safety goggles and gloves

Step-by-Step Guide to Adjusting the Emergency Brake

Step 1 Safety First

Before you begin, ensure the vehicle is parked on a flat surface. Engage the primary brakes and place wheel chocks behind the rear wheels (if you’re working on the front) to prevent any movement. Wear safety goggles and gloves for protection.

Step 2 Raise the Vehicle

Using a jack, lift the rear of the vehicle and secure it with jack stands. This allows you to safely access the drum brakes.

Step 3 Remove the Wheels

Use the lug wrench to remove the lug nuts and take off the wheels. This will expose the drum brakes, allowing you to access the brake hardware.

Step 4 Inspect the Brake Components

Before making any adjustments, inspect the drum brakes for wear and tear. Check the brake shoes for thickness, and look for signs of damage or debris. Clean any dirt or old grease with brake cleaner.

Step 5 Adjust the Brake Shoes

Most drum brakes have an adjustment mechanism. Locate the star wheel adjuster (usually found at the bottom of the braking assembly)

1. Use a screwdriver or a wrench to turn the star wheel. Turning it in one direction will expand the brake shoes, while turning in the opposite direction will retract them. 2. Adjust the shoes until they are just touching the drum. You should be able to turn the drum by hand with a bit of resistance but not too much force.

Step 6 Reassemble the Braking System

Once the shoes are adjusted correctly, carefully reassemble the drum brake system. Replace any clips you removed and ensure everything is tight and secure.

Step 7 Adjust the Emergency Brake Cable

Inside the vehicle, there is usually an adjustment bolt located under the handbrake lever or near the rear of the vehicle

1. Tighten or loosen the cable by turning the adjustment bolt. Ensure there’s sufficient tension on the cable to hold the vehicle when parked. Aim for about 5-7 clicks when engaging the handbrake fully.

Step 8 Road Test

Finally, lower the vehicle back to the ground and perform a quick road test. Engage and release the emergency brake several times to ensure it functions correctly and holds the vehicle securely.

Conclusion

Adjusting the emergency brake on drum brakes is an important maintenance task that can enhance your vehicle's safety. By following these steps, you ensure that your emergency brake operates effectively, providing peace of mind when parking or in emergency situations. Regular inspections and adjustments will not only extend the life of your braking system but also improve your overall driving experience. Always remember, if you feel uncomfortable performing this task, consult with a professional mechanic for assistance. Safe driving!