how to fix rear drum brakes

How to Fix Rear Drum Brakes A Comprehensive Guide

Rear drum brakes play a crucial role in the braking system of many vehicles, particularly older models. While they may not be as common as disc brakes in modern cars, understanding how to fix rear drum brakes is essential for any car owner interested in maintaining their vehicle. This guide will walk you through the process of diagnosing and fixing rear drum brakes step-by-step.

Understanding Rear Drum Brakes

Before diving into the repair process, it’s important to understand how rear drum brakes work. The braking system consists of a brake drum, brake shoes, a wheel cylinder, and various springs and levers. When the brake pedal is pressed, hydraulic pressure from the master cylinder pushes the wheel cylinder, pressing the brake shoes against the inner surface of the drum to create friction and slow down the vehicle.

Symptoms of Problems

Several symptoms indicate that the rear drum brakes may need fixing

1. Squealing or Grinding Noises If you hear a high-pitched squeal or a grinding sound when braking, it may be a sign that the brake shoes or drum are worn out. 2. Reduced Stopping Power If the car takes longer to stop, the rear brakes may not be functioning effectively. 3. Pulling to One Side If the vehicle pulls to one side while braking, it might indicate uneven wear or failure of the brake components. 4. Brake Pedal Feel A soft or spongy brake pedal can indicate air in the braking system or a problem with the brake shoes.

Tools and Materials Needed

Before you start the repair process, gather the following tools and materials

- Jack and jack stands - Lug wrench - Brake drum puller - Screwdrivers (flat and Phillips) - Pliers - Brake cleaner - New brake shoes (if necessary) - Brake drum (if needed) - Anti-seize lubricant - Torque wrench

Step-by-Step Guide to Fixing Rear Drum Brakes

Step 1 Prepare the Vehicle

1. Ensure the vehicle is on a flat surface and turn off the ignition. 2. Loosen the lug nuts of the rear wheels slightly with a lug wrench. 3. Use a jack to lift the rear of the vehicle and secure it with jack stands.

Step 2 Remove the Rear Wheels

Once the vehicle is secure, remove the lug nuts completely and take off the wheels to expose the brake drums.

Step 3 Inspect the Brake Components

With the wheels removed, take a close look at the brake drums, shoes, and other components. Check for wear and tear, rust, or any obvious damage.

Step 4 Remove the Brake Drum

In some cases, the drum may not come off easily due to rust or wear. Use a brake drum puller if necessary. Once it’s off, inspect the inside surface for scoring or warping.

Step 5 Replace or Adjust Brake Shoes

- If the brake shoes are worn down, replace them with new ones. - If they are still in good condition, adjust the shoes to ensure they make proper contact with the drum. This can be done by adjusting the self-adjuster mechanism.

Step 6 Clean Components

Use brake cleaner to thoroughly clean the drum, shoes, and other components. Remove dust and debris to enhance performance.

Step 7 Reassemble the Brake System

Once cleaned, reattach the drum over the shoes. Ensure it spins freely without any binding. Reinstall any springs and the adjusting mechanism if you disassembled them.

Step 8 Reattach the Wheels

Put the wheels back on and tighten the lug nuts by hand. Lower the vehicle off the jack stands and then torque the lug nuts to the manufacturer's specified settings.

Step 9 Test the Brakes

Before taking the vehicle for a spin, pump the brake pedal several times to ensure the shoes are properly seated. Once confident, take your car for a short test drive to ensure everything is functioning properly.

Final Thoughts

Fixing rear drum brakes may seem daunting, but with the right tools and guidance, it's a manageable task. Regular maintenance of your braking system not only enhances safety but can also save you money in the long run. If at any point you feel uncertain about the process, don’t hesitate to consult a professional mechanic. Your safety is invaluable, and sometimes expert intervention is the best way to ensure your vehicle is in excellent working order.