Causes and Solutions for Rear Drum Brakes That Are Dragging or Sticking

Understanding Rear Drum Brakes Dragging Causes, Consequences, and Solutions

Rear drum brakes play a crucial role in the braking system of many vehicles, especially older models and some budget-friendly cars. While effective at slowing down a vehicle, issues can arise, such as dragging, which can lead to significant complications. This article delves into the causes, consequences, and potential solutions for rear drum brakes that are dragging.

What Are Rear Drum Brakes?

Before we explore the dragging issue, it's essential to understand the basics of rear drum brakes. Unlike disc brakes, which utilize a rotating disc and a caliper to bring the vehicle to a stop, drum brakes consist of a cylindrical drum that encases brake shoes. When the brake pedal is pressed, hydraulic pressure forces the shoes against the inner surface of the drum, creating friction and slowing the vehicle.

Causes of Dragging

Dragging occurs when the brake shoes do not fully retract from the drum after the brake pedal is released. Several factors can contribute to this problem

1. Worn Components Over time, brake shoes, springs, and other components can wear down, leading to inadequate retraction. If the springs lose their tension or if the shoes are not shaped properly due to wear, they might stick to the drum.

2. Moisture and Corrosion Rust and corrosion can form inside the drum or on the brake shoes, particularly in regions with high humidity or road salt usage. This buildup creates friction, causing the brakes to drag.

3. Adjustment Issues Rear drum brakes often come with an adjustment mechanism to ensure proper positioning of the brake shoes. If the adjustment is too tight, it can prevent the shoes from retracting fully, leading to dragging.

4. Faulty Wheel Cylinders The wheel cylinder applies force to the brake shoes. If a cylinder starts to leak or fail, it can cause uneven pressure on the shoes, resulting in dragging.

5. Brake Line Blockage A blockage in the brake line can prevent the proper return of fluid, causing pressure to remain on the brake shoes even when the brakes are released.

Consequences of Dragging

1. Increased Brake Wear When brakes are dragging, they remain in contact with the drum, leading to excessive wear. This reduces the lifespan of the brake components and can necessitate costly repairs.

2. Reduced Fuel Efficiency A vehicle with dragging brakes requires more energy to move, which reduces fuel efficiency. This can lead to higher fuel costs over time.

3. Heat Buildup Continuous dragging generates excessive heat, which can lead to brake fade. This means that the brakes will become less effective, posing serious safety risks.

4. Potential for Accidents With impaired braking performance, the likelihood of accidents increases. Drivers may find it harder to stop, especially in emergency situations.

5. Damage to Specialty Components In extreme cases, dragging brakes can cause damage to other components of the braking system, including the master cylinder and anti-lock braking system (ABS), leading to more expensive repairs.

Solutions to Dragging Brakes

Resolving the issue of dragging rear drum brakes requires a systematic approach

1. Inspection Regular inspections of the braking system can catch issues early. Look for wear on brake shoes, the condition of the drum, and rust or corrosion.

2. Adjustment Ensure that the brake adjustment is correct. This may require professional assistance or a guideline manual for DIY enthusiasts.

3. Reconditioning or Replacement If components are worn or corroded, consider reconditioning or replacing them. New brake shoes, springs, and, if necessary, a new wheel cylinder can alleviate dragging.

4. Clean and Lubricate Cleaning the dust and debris from the braking system can enhance performance. Make sure to use appropriate brake cleaner and lubricants for the moving parts.

5. Seek Professional Help If dragging persists despite your efforts, it may be time to consult a qualified mechanic. They will have the tools and expertise to diagnose and fix the problem accurately.

Conclusion

Rear drum brakes are an essential part of many vehicles, yet they can present problems like dragging that require attention. Understanding the causes, consequences, and solutions will not only enhance vehicle safety but also improve driving comfort. Regular maintenance and timely repairs are key to ensuring that your rear drum brakes function optimally, keeping you safe on the road.