drum brake adjuster not working

Troubleshooting Drum Brake Adjuster Not Working

Drum brakes are a common braking system found in many vehicles, particularly older models and some light-duty trucks. One critical component of drum brakes is the brake adjuster, which helps maintain the correct spacing between the brake shoes and the drum. When the drum brake adjuster fails to work correctly, it can lead to suboptimal braking performance, increased stopping distances, and uneven brake shoe wear. In this article, we will explore the potential causes and solutions when a drum brake adjuster is not working.

Understanding the Drum Brake Adjuster

The drum brake adjuster is a mechanical device that ensures the brake shoes remain in close contact with the drum as they wear down. This adjustment is crucial because, over time, the friction material on the brake shoes thins out, causing the drum's effective diameter to increase. If the adjuster fails, the shoes may not come into sufficient contact with the drum, resulting in reduced braking efficiency.

Common Causes for Adjuster Failure

1. Rust and Corrosion One of the most common causes of brake adjuster failure is rust and corrosion, particularly in vehicles that have been exposed to moisture or road salts. The adjuster mechanism can become seized, preventing it from moving as needed.

2. Broken or Worn Components The adjuster consists of various components, including the adjusting screw, lever, and spring. If any of these parts become broken or excessively worn, the adjuster may not function correctly.

3. Incorrect Installation If the drum brakes were installed improperly, it can lead to malfunctioning adjusters. Proper alignment and positioning of the brake shoes and the adjuster are crucial for effective operation.

4. Lack of Maintenance Drum brakes require periodic maintenance to ensure all components function properly. Neglecting regular inspections and adjustments can lead to malfunctioning adjusters.

5. Excessive Heat Overheating can occur due to continuous hard braking or driving with a heavy load. Excessive heat can warp brake components or damage the adjuster.

To determine whether the brake adjuster is the source of the issue, drivers can perform a few simple checks

- Visual Inspection Begin by removing the drum to visually inspect the adjuster. Look for rust, corrosion, or any broken parts.

- Manual Operation Attempt to manually rotate the adjuster screw with a wrench. If it is seized or difficult to turn, it may need to be cleaned or replaced.

- Brake Performance Test Pay attention to how the brakes respond. If they feel spongy or require excessive pedal travel, this could indicate that the adjuster is not functioning.

Solutions to Fix the Adjuster

1. Cleaning and Lubrication If rust is the main issue, cleaning the adjuster using a wire brush can help remove corrosion. After cleaning, apply a suitable lubricant to ensure smooth operation.

2. Component Replacement If the adjuster or any of its components are damaged or excessively worn, they should be replaced. This will restore proper function and improve brake performance.

3. Proper Installation If the brakes were installed incorrectly, consult a professional mechanic to ensure proper alignment and installation.

4. Routine Maintenance Regular inspections of the drum brake system, including the adjuster, can prevent potential issues and enhance overall braking performance.

Conclusion

A malfunctioning drum brake adjuster can compromise vehicle safety and performance. By understanding the causes and solutions related to this issue, vehicle owners can take the necessary steps to diagnose and repair their brake systems. Regular maintenance and timely inspections are key to ensuring that drum brakes remain in optimal condition, providing reliable stopping power when needed. Always consult a professional mechanic if you're uncertain about any repairs or adjustments to your braking system.