change brake shoes drum brakes

Changing Brake Shoes on Drum Brakes A Comprehensive Guide

When it comes to vehicle safety, the condition of your braking system is paramount. Drum brakes, although less common in newer vehicles, are still widely used in many cars and trucks, particularly on the rear axle. One of the essential components of drum brakes is the brake shoes. Over time, these shoes can wear out, leading to decreased braking performance. This article will discuss the importance of changing brake shoes, how to do it, and some tips for maintaining your drum brake system.

The Importance of Brake Shoes

Brake shoes are critical to the functioning of drum brakes. They are positioned inside the brake drum and work by pressing against the drum to create friction when the brakes are applied. As the friction material on the shoes wears down over time, their effectiveness diminishes. Ignoring the need for replacement can lead to serious safety issues, including longer stopping distances and potential brake failure.

Typical signs that your brake shoes need to be changed include

- A squealing or grinding noise when braking - A pulling sensation to one side when braking - A common brake pedal feel that feels lower than usual - Vibration or pulsation when braking

If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s essential to inspect and replace your brake shoes promptly to ensure safe vehicle operation.

Tools and Materials Needed

Before starting the brake shoe replacement process, gather the necessary tools and materials. You will need

- A jack and jack stands - A lug wrench - A brake shoe removal tool - A socket set - Brake cleaner - New brake shoes - A brake spring tool (optional) - Protective gloves and eyewear

1. Prepare Your Vehicle Park your vehicle on a level surface, turn off the ignition, and engage the parking brake. Loosen the lug nuts on the rear wheels but do not remove them yet.

2. Lift the Vehicle Use the jack to lift the rear of the vehicle and secure it with jack stands. Ensure the vehicle is stable before proceeding.

3. Remove the Wheel Completely remove the lug nuts and then take off the wheel to expose the brake drum.

4. Remove the Brake Drum Inspect the drum for any securing hardware (like retaining screws). Remove these if necessary, then carefully pull or tap the drum off. If it is difficult to remove, check for any additional retaining clips or rust buildup.

5. Inspect Components Once the drum is off, inspect the brake shoes, springs, and the drum itself for wear or damage.

6. Remove Old Brake Shoes Using the brake shoe removal tool, disconnect the springs securing the brake shoes in place. Be cautious, as the springs can be under tension. Remove the old brake shoes from the backing plate.

7. Install New Brake Shoes Position the new brake shoes in place, ensuring they align correctly with the mounting points. Reattach the springs securely to hold the shoes in place. Use the brake spring tool if necessary for easier installation.

8. Reinstall the Brake Drum Place the brake drum back onto its hub. Ensure it spins freely without rubbing against the shoes.

9. Reattach the Wheel Put the wheel back on and hand-tighten the lug nuts. Lower the vehicle and then use the lug wrench to tighten the nuts in a crisscross pattern for even pressure.

10. Test Your Brakes Before driving, pump the brake pedal a few times to set the brake shoes against the drum. This ensures proper engagement and alignment. Finally, take your vehicle for a short test drive to confirm that the brakes are functioning correctly.

Conclusion

Changing brake shoes on drum brakes is a vital skill for any vehicle owner. By understanding how to perform this task, you can save money on repairs and ensure that your vehicle remains safe on the road. Regular inspection and maintenance of your braking system—particularly the brake shoes—will extend their lifespan and enhance your overall driving safety. If you are unsure about any part of the process, however, it is always best to consult with a professional mechanic.