Rebuilding a 14% 20 Bolt Drum Brake for Optimal Performance and Safety

Rebuilding a 14% Bolt Drum Brake A Comprehensive Guide

Drum brakes are essential components of many vehicles, providing reliable stopping power and durability. Among various types of drum brakes, the 14% bolt drum brake stands out due to its efficient design and straightforward maintenance. Rebuilding this brake system can significantly enhance your vehicle's performance and extend the lifespan of its braking components. In this article, we'll explore the steps to effectively rebuild a 14% bolt drum brake.

Understanding the 14% Bolt Drum Brake

Before diving into the rebuild process, it’s crucial to understand what a 14% bolt drum brake is. This type features a unique bolting mechanism that allows for easier installation and removal while maintaining a secure fit. The 14% refers to the angle or configuration of the bolts that secure the bracket to the drum, which aids in distributing load and minimizing wear. Regular maintenance of such a drum brake is vital, as neglect can lead to reduced braking efficiency and potential safety hazards.

Tools and Materials Needed

To successfully rebuild your 14% bolt drum brake, gather the following tools and materials

- Drum brake rebuild kit (includes shoes, springs, adjusters, and seals) - Brake cleaner - Torque wrench - Socket set and ratchet - Screwdrivers - Brake grease - Safety goggles - Gloves

Step-by-Step Rebuild Process

1. Safety First

Prior to starting the rebuild, ensure safety by wearing gloves and safety goggles. If you are working on a vehicle, make sure it is parked on a level surface, the parking brake is engaged, and the wheels are securely chocked.

2. Remove the Wheel and Drum

Using a socket set, remove the wheel lug nuts and take the wheel off. Next, locate the retaining screws on the drum and remove them using a screwdriver. Once they’re out, gently pull the drum off the hub. You may need to tap it lightly with a hammer if it’s stuck due to rust or debris.

3. Inspect Components

Examine the drum for any signs of wear, grooves, or damage. If the drum is heavily worn or cracked, consider replacing it. Check the brake shoes for wear indicators; if they are close to the metal backing, they should be replaced. Inspect the springs and other hardware for corrosion or damage.

4. Clean the Assembly

Use brake cleaner to remove dust, grease, and any debris from the brake components. It’s essential to start with a clean surface to ensure proper adhesion and function of new parts. Allow everything to dry thoroughly before proceeding.

5. Replace Brake Shoes

Remove the old brake shoes and all attached hardware. Follow the instructions in your rebuild kit for installing the new shoes. Make sure to position them correctly and attach them securely using the new springs and adjusters provided in your kit. Apply a small amount of brake grease to the pivot points and adjusters for smooth operation.

6. Reassemble and Adjust

Once the new shoes are installed, reattach the drum carefully. Ensure that it spins freely without any binding. If necessary, adjust the brake shoes using the star wheel adjuster to ensure they are close to the drum without dragging.

7. Test and Adjust

After reassembling everything, put the wheel back on and lower the vehicle. Make sure to torque the lug nuts to the manufacturer’s specifications. Before taking the vehicle on the road, pump the brake pedal a few times to seat the shoes against the drum. Conduct a test drive at low speeds to ensure everything is functioning correctly, and make any final adjustments as needed.

Conclusion

Rebuilding a 14% bolt drum brake is a manageable task that can significantly impact your vehicle’s braking performance. By following these steps diligently, you can not only enhance your vehicle's safety but also save on repair costs. Remember to always consult your vehicle’s manual and follow safety guidelines throughout the process. Happy rebuilding!