change brake shoes drum brakes

Changing Brake Shoes on Drum Brakes A Comprehensive Guide

When it comes to vehicle maintenance, few components are as critical as the braking system. One key element within this system is the brake shoes found in drum brakes. Brake shoes, which are lined with friction material, press against the inner surface of the drum to slow down and stop the vehicle. Over time, brake shoes wear down and must be replaced to ensure optimal braking performance. This article provides a comprehensive guide to changing brake shoes on drum brakes.

Understanding the Brake System

Before diving into the replacement process, it's essential to understand how drum brakes work. Unlike disc brakes, which use a rotor and caliper setup, drum brakes rely on a cylindrical drum that rotates with the wheel. When the brake pedal is pressed, hydraulic pressure forces the shoes outwards against the drum, creating friction that slows the wheel. If you notice signs of wear, such as squeaking or grinding noises, decreased braking efficiency, or a pulling sensation when braking, it might be time to change your brake shoes.

Tools and Materials Needed

To change brake shoes, gather the following tools and materials

- A jack and jack stands - A lug wrench - A brake shoe replacement kit (make sure it’s compatible with your vehicle) - Brake cleaner - A basic set of hand tools (ratchet, sockets, wrenches, etc.) - Brake grease - Safety goggles and gloves

Step-by-Step Procedure

1. Preparation Start by parking your vehicle on a flat surface and engaging the parking brake. Gather all the tools and materials needed for the job.

2. Lifting the Vehicle Using the lug wrench, loosen the lug nuts on the wheel you will be working on. Do not remove them completely yet. Jack up the vehicle and secure it with jack stands. Remove the lug nuts and wheel, exposing the drum brake assembly.

3. Remove the Brake Drum Look for retaining screws or clips holding the brake drum in place, if applicable. Remove these fasteners, and then carefully pull the drum off the wheel hub. It might require some coaxing if it hasn’t been removed in a while, so be gentle to avoid damaging the assembly.

4. Inspect the Components Before replacing the brake shoes, inspect the drum for signs of wear or damage. Look for scoring or deep grooves that might necessitate a professional turning or replacement of the drum.

5. Remove Old Brake Shoes Take note of the configuration of the old brake shoes before removing them. This will help when installing the new shoes. Disconnect the springs and hardware that hold the shoes in place. It’s advisable to take a few photos during this process for reference.

6. Install New Brake Shoes Start by placing the new brake shoes in the same configuration as the old ones. Reattach the springs and any other hardware, ensuring everything is secure but not overly tightened.

7. Reattach the Brake Drum Once the new shoes are in place, slide the brake drum back over the assembly. Make sure it spins freely without any binding. Reattach any retaining screws or clips.

8. Reinstall the Wheel Place the wheel back onto the hub and hand-tighten the lug nuts. Lower the vehicle and then torque the lug nuts to the manufacturer’s specifications in a crisscross pattern to ensure even tightening.

9. Final Inspection Before you drive, pump the brake pedal a few times to seat the shoes against the drum properly. This step is essential for restoring brake pedal feel.

10. Test Drive After making sure everything is secure, take the vehicle for a short test drive. Pay attention to the braking performance and listen for any unusual sounds.

Conclusion

Changing brake shoes on drum brakes can be an easy and rewarding DIY task for those comfortable with basic automotive repairs. Regular maintenance not only ensures your safety but also prolongs the life of your braking system. If at any point you feel uncertain about the process or encounter issues, it's best to consult a professional mechanic. By staying proactive about maintenance, you can keep your vehicle running smoothly and safely on the road.