How to Replace Brake Shoes for Drum Brake Systems Effectively and Safely

Changing Brake Shoes on Drum Brakes A Comprehensive Guide

When it comes to vehicle safety, the braking system is one of the most critical components. Drum brakes, while less common today in modern vehicles, still play a vital role in ensuring effective stopping power, especially in older models. One essential maintenance task is changing the brake shoes, as worn-out shoes can significantly impair braking performance. In this article, we will delve into the process of changing brake shoes on drum brakes, covering tools needed, safety precautions, and step-by-step instructions.

Understanding Drum Brakes

Drum brakes consist of a cylindrical drum that rotates with the wheel, and brake shoes that press against the inner surface of the drum to create friction, slowing down the vehicle. Over time, the friction material on the brake shoes wears out, necessitating replacement. Signs of worn brake shoes include a grinding noise when brakes are applied, decreased braking efficiency, and a pulling sensation to one side while braking.

Tools and Materials Needed

Before beginning the procedure, gather the following tools and materials

1. Jack and jack stands – To lift and securely hold the vehicle. 2. Lug wrench – To remove wheel lug nuts. 3. Brake shoe kit – This typically includes replacement brake shoes and associated hardware. 4. Brake cleaner – For cleaning components. 5. Adjustable wrench – To remove spring retaining clips. 6. Screwdriver – Flathead and Phillips for various fasteners. 7. Torque wrench – To ensure proper tightness of lug nuts after reassembly. 8. Safety glasses and mechanic gloves – For protection during the process.

Safety Precautions

Always prioritize safety. Ensure the vehicle is on a flat surface before raising it with a jack. Use jack stands to support the vehicle, never relying solely on the jack. Wear gloves to protect your hands and safety glasses to shield your eyes from dust and debris.

1. Prepare the Vehicle - Park the vehicle on a flat surface and engage the parking brake. - Loosen the lug nuts slightly while the wheel is still on the ground. 2. Lift the Vehicle - Use the jack to lift the vehicle at the designated lift points. - Once elevated, secure it with jack stands and remove the wheel.

3. Remove the Brake Drum - If the drum doesn’t slide off easily, there may be retaining screws or clips to remove. Check for these and remove them as necessary. - Gently tap the drum with a rubber mallet if it’s stuck.

4. Inspect Components - Look for wear on the brake shoes and lining. Inspect the drum for scoring or damage that might require resurfacing or replacement.

5. Remove Old Brake Shoes - Take note of the spring arrangement. Remove the return springs, shoe hold-down springs, and any other fasteners securing the brake shoes. - Carefully detach the old brake shoes from the backing plate.

6. Install New Brake Shoes - Position the new brake shoes in place, aligning them with the hold-down springs. - Reinstall the spring hardware, ensuring they are securely fastened.

7. Reassemble - Replace the brake drum and make sure it spins freely. - Reattach the wheel, tightening the lug nuts by hand.

8. Lower the Vehicle - Remove the jack stands and lower the vehicle using the jack. - Once on the ground, use a torque wrench to tighten the lug nuts to the manufacturer’s specifications.

9. Test the Brakes - Before driving, press the brake pedal a few times to seat the new brake shoes against the drum. Test the brakes at low speed to ensure proper function.

Conclusion

Changing brake shoes on drum brakes can seem daunting at first, but with the right tools, materials, and a bit of patience, it is a manageable task for many DIY enthusiasts. Regular brake maintenance not only extends the life of the braking system but also enhances overall vehicle safety. If you’re unsure about any step in the process, consult a professional mechanic to ensure optimal results. Safe driving!