How to Effectively Repair Drum Brakes Step by Step Guide

Understanding Drum Brake Repair A Comprehensive Guide

Drum brakes are a vital component of vehicle safety and performance, and understanding how to repair them is an essential skill for any car enthusiast or DIY mechanic. This article will guide you through the basics of drum brake repair, highlighting the key steps involved and common issues you may encounter along the way.

What are Drum Brakes?

Drum brakes are a type of braking system that uses friction to slow down or stop a vehicle. Unlike disc brakes, where brake pads clamp onto a rotor, drum brakes consist of a drum that spins with the wheel and brake shoes that press against the drum's inner surface to create friction. This design is typically found in the rear braking systems of many vehicles, although some older models use them on the front as well.

Tools Needed for Repair

Before you start your drum brake repair, gather the necessary tools. Here’s a list of items you will need

1. A jack and jack stands 2. A lug wrench 3. Screwdrivers (flathead and Phillips) 4. Pliers 5. Brake cleaner 6. Brake shoes (replacement if necessary) 7. Spring tool or brake shoe tool 8. Torque wrench

Step-by-Step Drum Brake Repair Guide

1. Safety First

Always prioritize safety. Ensure your vehicle is parked on a flat surface and turn off the ignition. Engage the hand brake and wear safety glasses to protect your eyes.

2. Remove the Wheel

Using the lug wrench, loosen the lug nuts slightly while the vehicle is still on the ground. Once slightly loosened, lift the vehicle with a jack and secure it with jack stands. Completely remove the lug nuts and take off the wheel to expose the drum brake assembly.

3. Inspect the Drum and Brake Shoes

Once the wheel is off, inspect the brake drum for signs of wear or damage, such as grooves, scoring, or rust. Check the brake shoes for excessive wear. If the lining is worn down to 1/16 inch or less, it’s time to replace them.

4. Remove the Drum

If the drum isn’t sliding off easily, it may be stuck. You can gently tap it with a rubber mallet or use a drum puller. Be careful not to damage the drum in the process.

5. Disassemble the Brake Assembly

Using your pliers and screwdrivers, remove the retaining springs and the brake shoes. Make sure to take a mental note or a picture of how everything is assembled to ensure proper reassembly later.

6. Replace Brake Shoes if Needed

If you’ve determined that the brake shoes need replacement, now is the time to install new ones. Using the brake shoe tool, attach the new shoes and reconnect the springs as they were originally configured. Ensure the adjuster is properly positioned.

7. Clean and Inspect Other Components

Use brake cleaner to clean the inside of the drum and other components. Inspect the wheel cylinder for leaks and ensure that all parts are free from debris. If the wheel cylinder is leaking, it will need replacement.

8. Reassemble the Brake Mechanism

Once everything is cleaned and inspected, reattach the brake drum. Check for any irregularities preventing it from fitting flush against the backing plate. Reinstall the wheel and lug nuts but only hand-tighten them for now.

9. Lower the Vehicle and Tighten Nuts

Carefully lower the vehicle back to the ground and use the torque wrench to tighten the lug nuts to the manufacturer’s specifications.

10. Test Your Brakes

Before hitting the road, press down on the brake pedal multiple times to seat the brake shoes against the drum and ensure everything is functioning correctly.

Conclusion

Repairing drum brakes can seem daunting, but with the right tools and attention to detail, it can be a manageable task. Remember to always follow safety precautions and consult your vehicle’s service manual for specific instructions related to your make and model. Regular maintenance and timely repairs can help ensure your brakes function optimally, providing safety and peace of mind on the road. Happy wrenching!