Steps to Modify Drum Brake Emergency Brake Adjustment for Optimal Performance

How to Adjust Emergency Brake on Drum Brakes

Maintaining a reliable emergency brake system is crucial for your vehicle's safety. The emergency brake, also known as the handbrake or parking brake, is essential for keeping your car stationary when parked or in case of a primary brake failure. If your emergency brake doesn't engage or disengage properly, it may require adjustment, especially if your vehicle has drum brakes. Here’s a detailed guide on how to adjust the emergency brake on drum brakes.

Understanding Drum Brakes

Drum brakes operate by using friction generated by brake shoes pressed against a rotating drum. Typically, the emergency brake in drum brake systems utilizes the same components as the service brake, with a cable connected to the brake shoes. Over time, the brake shoes may wear down or become misaligned, which can cause the emergency brake to lose effectiveness.

Tools You’ll Need

Before you start, gather the following tools and materials

- Jack and jack stands - Tire iron - Wrench or socket set - Brake cleaner - Lubricant - Screwdriver - Replacement brake shoes (if necessary)

Step-by-Step Guide to Adjust the Emergency Brake

1. Prepare Your Vehicle

First, ensure your vehicle is parked on a flat surface and engage the standard brake. Use the tire iron to loosen the lug nuts of the rear wheels (if your car has drum brakes in the rear) before lifting the vehicle with the jack. Once elevated, secure the vehicle with jack stands to prevent any accidents.

2. Remove the Rear Wheels

Remove the lug nuts completely, and take off the rear wheels to access the brake drum. Inspect the brake drum for any visible damage or debris. It’s advisable to clean the drum with brake cleaner to remove any grease or dust that may have accumulated.

3. Inspect the Brake Shoes

Next, remove the brake drum. The brake shoes are typically held in place by springs and clips. Inspect the brake shoes for wear; if they are thinner than 1/8 inch, replace them. Check the condition of the springs and adjusters, as these components are essential for proper operation.

4. Locate the Adjuster

In most drum brake systems, there is an adjustment mechanism located along the bottom of the brake assembly. This is often a starwheel adjuster or a similar device. To access it, you may need to remove the rubber plug on the backing plate.

5. Adjust the Brake Shoes

Using a flathead screwdriver, turn the adjuster to move the brake shoes closer to the drum. Turn it clockwise to expand the brake shoes and counter-clockwise to retract them. You want the shoes to be just snug against the drum; if they are too tight, it can cause dragging, while if they are too loose, the emergency brake won’t hold properly.

6. Test the Emergency Brake

After adjusting the shoes, reattach the brake drum ensuring it's properly seated. Put the wheel back on and lower the vehicle from the jack stands. Tighten the lug nuts securely.

Now, test the emergency brake by pulling it up into the on position. Engage it all the way and ensure that the vehicle doesn’t roll. It should hold firmly without requiring excessive force to pull the lever. If it still feels loose, repeat the adjustment process until the desired tightness is achieved.

7. Final Checks

Once satisfied with the brake’s firmness, perform a test drive in a safe, open area. Test the emergency brake at low speeds, ensuring it engages adequately. While performing the test, listen for any unusual noise from the brake system, which may indicate the need for further inspection.

Conclusion

Adjusting the emergency brake on drum brakes is a fairly manageable task that can enhance your vehicle's safety and performance. Keeping your emergency brake in optimal condition not only aids in preventing unwanted rolling but also serves as a critical backup should your primary braking system fail. If you feel uncertain at any step, it’s wise to consult a professional mechanic to ensure your vehicle is safe to drive. Regular maintenance and understanding the workings of your braking system will prolong its life and reliability.