Guide to Properly Adjust Self-Adjusting Drum Brakes for Optimal Performance

How to Adjust Self-Adjusting Drum Brakes

Drum brakes are a common component in many vehicles, particularly older models, and while they may not be as popular as disc brakes in modern cars, they play a vital role in the braking system. Self-adjusting drum brakes are designed to automatically maintain proper brake shoe position. However, there are times when manual adjustment may be necessary to ensure optimal braking performance. In this article, we will walk you through the process of adjusting self-adjusting drum brakes.

Understanding Self-Adjusting Drum Brakes

Self-adjusting drum brakes consist of a set of components drum, shoes, hardware, and a self-adjusting mechanism. When the brake pedal is pressed, hydraulic force pushes the brake shoes against the inside of the drum, creating friction that slows down the vehicle. Over time, the brake shoes wear down, which can reduce braking efficiency. Self-adjusting mechanisms are intended to compensate for this wear automatically by adjusting the position of the shoes.

However, various factors such as corrosion, dirt, or mechanical failure can prevent the self-adjusting mechanism from functioning correctly, necessitating manual intervention.

Tools You Will Need

Before you begin the adjustment process, make sure you have the following tools on hand

- Jack and jack stands - Lug wrench - Brake cleaner - Screwdriver - Brake adjustment tool or flat-head screwdriver - Safety glasses and gloves

Step-by-Step Adjustment Process

1. Safety First Begin by ensuring your vehicle is parked on a flat, stable surface with the parking brake engaged. Always wear safety glasses and gloves.

2. Remove the Wheel Using the lug wrench, loosen the lug nuts on the wheel where the drum brakes need adjustment. Lift the vehicle with a jack and secure it with jack stands. Completely remove the lug nuts and take off the wheel.

3. Examine the Brake Drum Once the wheel is removed, inspect the brake drum for any signs of wear or damage. If the drum is excessively worn, it may need to be replaced.

4. Access the Brake Shoes Depending on your vehicle, you might need to remove the brake drum. If the drum doesn’t slide off easily, check for retaining screws or clips. Before fully removing it, ensure there is adequate space to access the brake shoes.

5. Locate the Adjuster Inside the drum, locate the self-adjusting mechanism, typically found at the bottom of the assembly. This mechanism usually includes an adjusting wheel connected to a cable.

6. Manual Adjustment Using a brake adjustment tool or flat-head screwdriver, turn the adjusting wheel to move the brake shoes outward. Turn it until you feel slight resistance when turning the brake drum by hand. This indicates the shoes are correctly positioned without being overly tight.

7. Check the Self-Adjusting Mechanism While making your adjustments, ensure that the self-adjusting lever is functioning. It should move freely and not be obstructed by dirt or debris.

8. Reassemble Once the adjustment is complete, reattach the brake drum and wheel. Tighten the lug nuts in a crisscross pattern to ensure even pressure. Lower the vehicle and securely tighten the lug nuts.

9. Test the Brakes Before taking your vehicle back on the road, pump the brake pedal a few times to seat the brake shoes properly. Then, take a short test drive to ensure the brakes are functioning correctly.

Conclusion

Adjusting self-adjusting drum brakes can be a straightforward process if you follow proper safety procedures and guidelines. Regular brake maintenance can help ensure your vehicle operates safely and efficiently. If you feel unsure about making these adjustments on your own, it’s always a good idea to consult a professional mechanic. Properly maintained brakes are crucial for safe driving, and knowing how to adjust them can give you peace of mind on the road.