Guide to Adjusting Your Drum Brakes for Better Performance and Safety

How to Self-Adjust Drum Brakes

Drum brakes are a common type of braking system used in vehicles, especially those manufactured before the widespread adoption of disc brakes. They work by using friction to slow down or stop a vehicle, and like any other part of your car, they require some maintenance to function effectively. One crucial aspect of drum brake maintenance is self-adjustment, which ensures that the brake shoes are in proper contact with the drum, allowing for optimal braking performance. This article will provide a comprehensive guide on how to self-adjust drum brakes.

Understanding Drum Brakes

Before diving into the adjustment process, it's essential to understand how drum brakes operate. Drum brakes consist of a hollow drum that rotates with the wheel and brake shoes that press against the inner surface of the drum to create friction. Over time, as the brake shoes wear down, they can become misaligned, leading to inefficient braking and increased stopping distances. Self-adjustment helps compensate for this wear and maintains the functionality of the brakes.

Tools Needed

To self-adjust drum brakes, you'll need a few basic tools

1. Jack and jack stands To lift the vehicle safely. 2. Lug wrench For removing the wheel. 3. Brake adjustment tool A flathead screwdriver or a specialized brake adjustment tool may be needed. 4. Safety goggles and gloves To protect yourself during the process.

Step-by-Step Self-Adjustment Process

Step 1 Safety First

Before starting any work on your brakes, ensure that the vehicle is parked on a level surface and that you engage the parking brake. Use wheel chocks to prevent any movement.

Step 2 Lift the Vehicle

Using the jack, lift the vehicle to a height that allows you to comfortably access the wheel assembly. Secure it with jack stands for safety.

Step 3 Remove the Wheel

Using the lug wrench, remove the lug nuts and take off the wheel to access the drum brake assembly.

Step 4 Inspect the Brake Components

Before adjusting, inspect the brake shoes, drum, and other components for wear. Look for any signs of damage such as cracks or intense wear on the shoes. If they are worn out, they may need to be replaced before adjusting.

Step 5 Locate the Adjuster

Inside the drum brake assembly, you will find a star wheel adjuster. This is typically located between the brake shoes. You may need to remove a rubber plug or cover to access the adjuster.

Step 6 Make the Adjustment

Using the brake adjustment tool or flathead screwdriver, turn the star wheel adjuster. Turn it until the brake shoes just make contact with the drum. You should feel a slight resistance when rotating the drum by hand. Make small adjustments, testing frequently to ensure that the drum spins freely while still being close to the brake shoes.

Step 7 Repeat for the Other Side

Once you have completed the adjustment on one side, repeat the process on the opposite wheel to ensure even braking performance.

Step 8 Reassemble and Test

After adjusting both sides, reattach the wheel and lug nuts securely. Lower the vehicle back to the ground and perform a test drive at low speeds in a safe area to ensure that the brakes function correctly. Listen for any unusual noises and check for proper brake feel.

Conclusion

Self-adjusting drum brakes is a straightforward process that can significantly improve your vehicle's braking performance. Regular maintenance and self-adjustment can extend the life of your brakes, ensuring that your vehicle remains safe on the road. If you are uncomfortable performing this task or if you encounter any issues, don't hesitate to consult a professional mechanic. Remember, your safety is paramount, and well-functioning brakes are a critical component of your vehicle's overall performance.