how to self adjust drum brakes

How to Self-Adjust Drum Brakes

Drum brakes are a common braking system found in many vehicles, especially older models. Unlike disc brakes, which use calipers, drum brakes rely on friction between shoes and a rotating drum to slow down the vehicle. Over time, the brake shoes can wear down, leading to reduced effectiveness. Fortunately, self-adjusting drum brakes can help maintain optimal performance. Here’s how you can self-adjust your drum brakes.

Understand the Mechanism

Before attempting any adjustments, it’s essential to understand how drum brakes work. The brake shoes expand against the inner surface of the drum to create friction. Self-adjusting mechanisms help maintain the proper distance between the shoes and the drum, compensating for wear. Most modern drum brakes have an automatic adjustment feature that activates when the brakes are applied, but regular maintenance is still necessary.

Tools Needed

To self-adjust your drum brakes, you will need a few tools - Jack and jack stands - Tire iron - Brake adjustment tool (or a flat-head screwdriver) - Clean cloth

Steps for Self-Adjusting Drum Brakes

1. Safety First Park your vehicle on a flat surface and engage the parking brake. Wear safety goggles and gloves for protection.

2. Lift the Vehicle Use a jack to lift the rear of the vehicle and place jack stands securely under the chassis to ensure stability.

3. Remove the Wheel Take off the wheel using a tire iron, exposing the drum.

4. Inspect Brake Components Before adjusting, inspect the brake shoes and drum for wear and damage. If the shoes are excessively worn or the drum is scored, replacement may be necessary.

5. Adjusting the Brakes Locate the brake adjustment hole on the backing plate. Using a brake adjustment tool or a flat-head screwdriver, turn the adjuster wheel. Turn it clockwise to expand the shoes and counterclockwise to retract them. A good rule of thumb is to adjust until you feel slight resistance when spinning the drum.

6. Reassemble Once adjusted, ensure everything is properly positioned. Replace the wheel and lower the vehicle.

7. Test the Brakes Before driving, pump the brake pedal a few times to ensure the shoes properly seat against the drum. Take the vehicle for a slow test drive to check for proper braking performance.

Conclusion

Maintaining your drum brakes is crucial for safety and functionality. Regular self-adjustment can significantly extend the lifespan of your brake system and improve overall performance. If you feel uncomfortable performing this task or notice any concerning signs, consult a professional mechanic. Keeping your brakes in optimal condition ensures a safer driving experience.