how to turn brake drums

How to Turn Brake Drums A Comprehensive Guide

Brake drums are essential components of a vehicle's braking system, particularly in older cars and trucks that use drum brakes. They work in tandem with brake shoes to create friction that slows down or stops the vehicle. Over time, brake drums can become worn or warped due to friction and heat generated during braking. To maintain optimal braking performance, it's crucial to know how to turn brake drums properly. This article will guide you through the process, ensuring your vehicle remains safe and reliable on the road.

What is Turning Brake Drums?

Turning brake drums, also known as resurfacing, is a machining process that removes a thin layer of material from the drum's surface to restore its smoothness and roundness. This process can help eliminate issues such as brake noise, vibration, and uneven brake wear, thereby improving the overall effectiveness of the braking system. However, it’s essential to determine if the drum can be turned, as excessive wear or damage may require replacement instead.

When to Turn Brake Drums

Before diving into the procedure, it’s important to recognize the signs that indicate your brake drums may need turning

1. Uneven Brake Wear If your brake shoes are worn unevenly, it can create imbalances in the braking system. Resurfacing the drums can help ensure an even surface for the shoes to contact. 2. Vibration or Pulsation If you experience a vibration or pulsing sensation when braking, it may indicate that the drums are warped or irregularly shaped. 3. Squeaking or Grinding Noises Noises emanating from the brakes can signal that the drum's surface is damaged or that it has worn to a point where it needs resurfacing.

4. Drum Specifications Consult your vehicle's manual for the minimum thickness specifications for the drum. If it’s within this range, turning might be possible.

To turn brake drums, you will require several tools and equipment, including

- Brake lathe - Calipers (for measuring drum width and diameter) - Micrometer - Jack and jack stands - Tire iron or lug wrench - Safety goggles and gloves - Brake cleaner

The Turning Process

1. Preparation Begin by safely lifting the vehicle using a jack and securing it with jack stands. Remove the wheel to expose the brake drum.

2. Remove the Brake Drum If the drum is stuck, gently tap it with a rubber mallet, making sure not to damage it. After removing the drum, inspect it for any visible damage or excessive wear.

3. Measure the Drum Use calipers or a micrometer to measure the diameter and thickness of the drum. Make sure these measurements are within the manufacturer's specifications for turning.

4. Set Up the Brake Lathe If the drum is suitable for turning, mount it securely onto the brake lathe. Follow the manufacturer's instructions to set the lathe correctly for resurfacing.

5. Turn the Drum Start the lathe and allow it to gradually remove material from the drum’s surface. Monitor the process closely to ensure even cutting, and periodically check the drum's dimensions. Aim for a smooth, even surface throughout.

6. Deburr and Clean Once you’ve achieved the desired surface finish, deburr any sharp edges and clean the drum thoroughly with brake cleaner to remove any debris and dust.

7. Reinstallation Reinstall the brake drum onto the wheel assembly, followed by the wheel. Ensure that all components are securely fastened.

8. Brake Testing After reassembling the brake components, lower the vehicle and conduct a test drive at low speeds to check for any abnormal noises or vibrations.

Conclusion

Turning brake drums is a straightforward procedure that can significantly enhance the braking performance of your vehicle. By understanding when and how to turn your brake drums, you can ensure safe driving conditions and prolong the lifespan of your braking system. Always remember, if you're uncertain about the condition of your brake drums or the resurfacing process, it’s best to consult a professional mechanic. Regular maintenance and timely servicing are key to keeping your vehicle in top shape, allowing you to enjoy a safe and smooth driving experience.