repairing drum brakes

Repairing Drum Brakes A Comprehensive Guide

Drum brakes are a common component in many vehicles, especially older models and some budget-friendly options. While they may not be as prevalent as disc brakes in modern cars, understanding how to repair drum brakes is essential for anyone looking to maintain their vehicle's braking system effectively. This article will guide you through the process of inspecting and repairing drum brakes, ensuring your safety on the road.

Understanding Drum Brakes

Before delving into the repair process, it’s important to understand how drum brakes work. Unlike disc brakes, which use a rotor and caliper, drum brakes consist of a cylindrical drum that rotates with the wheel. Inside the drum are brake shoes, which are lined with friction material. When you press the brake pedal, hydraulic pressure forces the shoes against the inner surface of the drum, creating friction that slows down the vehicle.

Common Issues with Drum Brakes

Drum brakes can experience several issues over time, including

1. Worn Brake Shoes With regular use, the friction material on the brake shoes wears down, reducing braking efficiency. 2. Cracked or Warped Drums Heat generated during braking can cause the drum to warp or crack, leading to vibrations and reduced performance. 3. Weak Springs The springs that hold the brake shoes in place can weaken, causing improper shoe alignment. 4. Leaking Wheel Cylinders If the wheel cylinder develops a leak, it can lead to reduced hydraulic pressure and poor braking performance.

Tools and Materials Needed

To successfully repair drum brakes, you'll need some essential tools and materials - Jack and jack stands - Lug wrench - Screwdrivers (flathead and Phillips) - Pliers - Brake cleaner - Brake shoes - Drum brake springs (if necessary) - Replacement drum (if necessary)

Step-by-Step Repair Process

1. Safety First

Before beginning any repair work, ensure that the car is parked on a level surface and that you engage the parking brake. Wear safety glasses and gloves to protect yourself during the repair.

2

. Remove the Wheel

Using a lug wrench, loosen the lug nuts of the wheel that you plan to work on. Once loosened, lift the vehicle using a jack and secure it with jack stands. Remove the wheel completely to access the drum brake assembly.

3. Inspect the Brake Drum

repairing drum brakes

Once the wheel is off, locate the brake drum. Inspect it for any visible cracks, warping, or excessive wear. If the drum appears damaged, it should be replaced. If it is in good condition but has a rough surface, it may be resurfaced by a professional.

4. Remove the Brake Drum

To remove the brake drum, you may need to remove a retaining screw or tap it gently with a rubber mallet. If it’s stuck due to rust or dirt, a few gentle taps will help loosen it.

5. Inspect and Replace Brake Shoes

With the drum removed, inspect the brake shoes for wear. If the friction material is less than 1/8 inch thick, replace the shoes. To do this, detach the springs and any retaining clips. Install the new brake shoes by reversing the removal process, ensuring all components are secured properly.

6. Replace Springs and Components

Check the condition of the springs and wheel cylinder. If the springs appear worn or damaged, replace them. Ensure the wheel cylinder is functioning correctly, and if there are any leaks, it must be replaced as well.

7. Reassemble the Brake Drum

After replacing the necessary components, reinstall the brake drum. Ensure it sits flush against the axle and secure it with any retaining screws.

8. Reinstall the Wheel

Place the wheel back onto the hub, and hand-tighten the lug nuts. Lower the vehicle to the ground and then use the lug wrench to tighten the lug nuts fully in a crisscross pattern.

9. Test the Brakes

Before driving, pump the brake pedal a few times to seat the brake shoes properly against the drum. Conduct a short, safe test drive to ensure the brakes function smoothly without any unusual noises or vibrations.

Conclusion

Repairing drum brakes can be a manageable task with the right tools and knowledge. Regular inspection and maintenance ensure that your vehicle remains safe and efficient. If you encounter problems beyond your expertise or if the damage seems extensive, it’s advisable to consult with a professional mechanic. Taking care of your drum brakes not only enhances your vehicle’s safety but also extends its overall lifespan on the road.