What Components Are Required to Replace Drum Brake Systems

What Do I Need to Replace Drum Brakes?

Drum brakes are a common braking system found in many vehicles, especially older models and some lighter vehicles. If you’re experiencing issues with your drum brakes, such as decreased performance, unusual noises, or a spongy feeling in the pedal, it might be time to consider replacing them. This article will guide you through the essentials of drum brake replacement, including necessary tools, components, and a general overview of the replacement process.

Understanding Drum Brakes

Before diving into the replacement process, it is vital to understand how drum brakes work. Unlike disc brakes, which use a caliper and rotor, drum brakes utilize a brake drum and a set of shoes. When you press the brake pedal, the shoes expand against the inside of the drum, creating friction that slows down the vehicle.

Over time, the brake shoes wear down due to friction and heat, reducing their effectiveness. Additionally, other components like the springs, wheel cylinders, and drums may also deteriorate with wear and age, necessitating replacement to ensure the safety and reliability of your vehicle.

Tools and Supplies Needed

When replacing drum brakes, proper tools and supplies are essential for the job. Here’s a list of items you will need

1. Basic Hand Tools A socket set, wrenches, and screwdrivers are necessary for removing the wheel and drum. Depending on your vehicle, you may also need a brake spring tool.

2. Floor Jack and Jack Stands To safely lift the vehicle and remove the wheels.

3. Brake Parts Cleaner This helps clean the drum and other components of old brake dust and grease.

4. New Brake Shoes Purchase replacement brake shoes that are compatible with your vehicle’s make and model.

5. Brake Drums Inspect and replace the drums if they show signs of wear, scoring, or cracking.

6. Wheel Cylinders If your wheel cylinders are leaking or malfunctioning, it’s a good idea to replace them while you are working on the brakes.

7. Brake Fluid If the fluid is old or contaminated, replace it during the process.

8. Safety Gear Gloves and safety goggles to protect yourself.

The Replacement Process

Replacing drum brakes can be complex, but with some mechanical skills and the right tools, it can be done by a DIY enthusiast. Here's a simplified step-by-step guide

1. Preparation Park the vehicle on a flat surface, engage the parking brake, and loosen the lug nuts on the rear wheels.

2. Lift the Vehicle Use a floor jack to lift the rear of the vehicle. Secure it with jack stands for safety.

3. Remove the Wheel Take off the lug nuts and remove the wheel to access the drum brake assembly.

4. Remove the Brake Drum If the drum is stubborn, you may need to tap it gently with a hammer. Inspect the drums for wear and score marks.

5. Inspect Components Check the brake shoes, springs, and wheel cylinders for damage or excessive wear.

6. Replace Parts If needed, replace the brake shoes, springs, and wheel cylinders. Make sure to position everything correctly. Take note of how the old parts are arranged to assist with the installation of the new components.

7. Install the New Shoes and Drums Secure the new shoes and reattach the drum over them. Ensure they rotate smoothly.

8. Reassemble Put the wheel back on and hand-tighten the lug nuts. Lower the vehicle and torque the lug nuts to the manufacturer’s specifications.

9. Test the Brakes Before driving, pump the brake pedal to position the shoes properly. Check for any leaks and ensure everything is functioning correctly.

10. Final Checks Once completed, take the car for a test drive at low speed to ensure that the brakes operate smoothly.

Conclusion

Replacing drum brakes requires careful attention to detail, the right tools, and a basic understanding of how the braking system works. If at any point you feel unsure about the process, it is wise to consult a professional mechanic. Properly functioning brakes are crucial for the safety of you and your passengers, so don’t delay in addressing any braking issues. With this guide, you should be well-equipped to undertake your drum brake replacement project confidently.