Upgrading Car Drum Brakes to Disc Brakes for Improved Performance and Safety

How to Change Drum Brakes to Disc Brakes in a Car

Converting drum brakes to disc brakes in your vehicle can significantly enhance braking performance, improve heat dissipation, and reduce brake fade. While this conversion process can be complex, with careful planning and DIY spirit, you can successfully upgrade your vehicle's braking system. This article will guide you through the steps needed to make this conversion.

Understanding the Components

Before diving into the conversion process, it's vital to understand the differences between drum and disc brakes. Drum brakes consist of a drum that rotates with the wheel and brake shoes that push outward against the drum surface to slow down the vehicle. Conversely, disc brakes include a rotor that spins with the wheel and brake calipers that compress brake pads against the rotor to create friction.

For a successful conversion, you will need several components - Disc brake rotors and calipers (specific to your vehicle's make and model) - Spindles (you may need to replace these to accommodate disc brakes) - Brake lines and hoses designed for disc brakes - Master cylinder (you might need a larger one for better fluid displacement) - A brake proportioning valve (to balance braking between front and rear) - Compatible brake pads

Make sure to gather all necessary parts and tools before starting the project.

Required Tools

- Socket set - Wrenches - Screwdrivers - Brake line wrenches - Jack and jack stands - Tire iron - Brake cleaner - Torque wrench - Creeper or padded mat for comfort

Step-by-Step Procedure

1. Safety First

Before starting, ensure that you are working in a safe environment. Park your car on a flat surface and engage the parking brake. Wear safety glasses and gloves to protect yourself during the procedure.

2. Prepare the Vehicle

Begin by removing the wheels from the car using a tire iron. Place the wheels aside and make sure you can freely access the brake assembly.

3. Remove the Drum Brakes

Start by unbolting the old drum brakes. This typically involves removing the brake drum and the associated brake shoes. Make note of how everything is connected, as you’ll need this knowledge for reassembly.

4. Install the New Spindles

In many cases, it's necessary to replace the spindles to accommodate the disc brakes. Remove the existing spindles and install the new ones according to the manufacturer's specifications. Ensure the bolts are secured tightly using a torque wrench.

5. Install the Disc Brake Assembly

Attach the disc brake rotor to the new spindle. Next, install the caliper bracket and tighten it securely. Once the bracket is in place, slide the brake pads into the caliper and position the caliper over the rotor. Secure the caliper per the manufacturer's specifications.

6. Upgrade the Brake Lines

Replace the existing brake lines with the new lines designed for the disc brake system. Ensure that all fittings are tightly secured to prevent leaks. If a new master cylinder is required, remove the old one and install the new one, connecting the new brake lines appropriately.

7. Install the Proportioning Valve

If your vehicle requires a proportioning valve for better braking balance, install it now according to instructions. This valve ensures that the correct amount of braking force is distributed between the front and rear brakes.

8. Bleed the Brakes

Once everything is connected, it’s crucial to bleed the brake system to remove any air. Start at the wheel farthest from the master cylinder and work your way closer. Use a brake bleeder kit for an efficient process.

9. Test the System

Before taking your vehicle back on the road, double-check all connections and ensure everything is secure. Start the vehicle and test the brakes at low speeds to ensure they respond properly.

10. Reinstall the Wheels

Once you’ve confirmed everything is working, reinstall the wheels and lower the vehicle off the jack stands. Tighten the lug nuts in a crisscross pattern to ensure an even fit.

Conclusion

Converting drum brakes to disc brakes can be a rewarding project that enhances your car's performance and safety. By following these steps and ensuring you have all necessary tools and parts, you can successfully complete the conversion. Always consult your vehicle’s service manual and, if in doubt, consider seeking help from a professional mechanic. With the right approach, you’ll enjoy the benefits of improved braking for many miles to come.