Steps for Adjusting the Emergency Brake on Drum Brake Systems

How to Adjust Emergency Brake on Drum Brakes

Adjusting the emergency brake, also known as the parking brake, on drum brakes is an essential maintenance task for vehicle owners who want to ensure their safety and the proper functioning of their braking system. Drum brakes are commonly found on the rear wheels of many vehicles, and, over time, the brake shoes can wear down, leading to a loss of effectiveness in the emergency brake system. In this article, we will cover the basic steps you need to follow to adjust the emergency brake on drum brakes.

Tools You Will Need

Before you begin the adjustment process, gather the necessary tools. You will typically need the following items - A jack and jack stands - A lug wrench - A brake adjusting tool (or a flathead screwdriver) - A socket set - A wrench or pliers

Step 1 Safety First

Begin by ensuring your vehicle is on a level surface. Engage the regular brakes, and place wheel chocks behind the front wheels to prevent the vehicle from rolling. Once you've secured the vehicle, use the jack to lift the rear end and place jack stands underneath for added safety.

Step 2 Remove the Wheel

Using the lug wrench, loosen and remove the nuts on the rear wheels where the drum brakes are located. Once the nuts are removed, take off the wheel to expose the brake drum.

Step 3 Inspect the Brake Components

Before adjusting, take a moment to inspect the brake shoes, drums, and any other visible components for wear or damage. If any parts are worn down excessively, it may be time for a replacement rather than an adjustment. However, if everything appears in good condition, you can proceed with the adjustment.

Step 4 Locate the Adjusting Mechanism

Each drum brake system includes an adjustment mechanism that can typically be accessed through a small opening in the back of the brake drum. Look for a star wheel or adjusting screw, which is used to expand or contract the shoes. If you can’t find it, refer to your vehicle’s service manual for specific details.

Step 5 Adjust the Brake Shoes

Using the brake adjusting tool, turn the star wheel or adjusting screw. If you turn it clockwise, it will push the shoes outward, and if you turn it counterclockwise, it will pull the shoes inward. The goal is to expand the brake shoes just enough so that they lightly contact the drum but do not cause excessive friction.

As you make adjustments, periodically rotate the drum to check for binding or dragging. You want to achieve a snug fit where the shoes engage the drum without sticking.

Step 6 Test the Emergency Brake

Once you've made the adjustments, reattach the brake drum (if it was removed for inspection) and put the wheel back on. Tighten the lug nuts but do not fully torque them down yet. With the vehicle still elevated, pull the emergency brake lever several times to ensure it feels firm and engages properly. Additionally, check to ensure that the rear wheels are locked when the emergency brake is applied.

Step 7 Lower the Vehicle and Finalize

After confirming that the emergency brake is functioning as it should, remove the jack stands and lower the vehicle back to the ground. Finish tightening the lug nuts to the manufacturer's specifications using a socket wrench.

Conclusion

Adjusting your emergency brake on drum brakes is a straightforward process that can significantly improve your vehicle's safety. Regular maintenance and monitoring of your braking system will provide peace of mind knowing that you're prepared for any situation, should you need to use your emergency brake. If you experience persistent issues or are unsure, it's always advisable to consult a professional mechanic for assistance.