adjusting drum brakes by backing up

Adjusting Drum Brakes by Backing Up A Comprehensive Guide

Drum brakes are a crucial component in many vehicles, providing reliable stopping power. However, like all parts of a vehicle, they require regular maintenance to ensure optimal performance. One effective method of adjusting drum brakes is by backing up the vehicle, a technique that allows the brake shoes to seat properly against the drum. This article will walk you through the process of adjusting drum brakes by backing up, ensuring your vehicle remains safe and efficient on the road.

Understanding Drum Brakes

Before diving into the adjustment process, it's important to understand how drum brakes function. Unlike disc brakes, which use pads to create friction with a rotor, drum brakes utilize a set of shoes that expand against the inside of a rotating drum. When the brake pedal is pressed, hydraulic pressure forces the shoes outward, creating friction and slowing the vehicle down. Over time, factors such as wear and tear, moisture, and brake shoe material can affect the performance of drum brakes, making routine adjustments necessary.

Tools and Materials Needed

To adjust your drum brakes effectively, you will need a few basic tools - Socket wrench or ratchet set - Screwdriver - Brake cleaner - Jack and jack stands - Brake adjustment tool (if applicable)

Having these tools on hand will make the job smoother and more efficient.

1. Safety First Ensure the vehicle is parked on a level surface and engage the parking brake. Wear safety glasses and gloves for protection.

2. Lift the Vehicle Using a jack, lift the vehicle and secure it with jack stands to prevent any accidental falls.

3. Remove the Wheel Take off the wheel where you need to adjust the drum brakes, giving you access to the brake assembly.

4. Inspect the Drum and Shoes Before making any adjustments, inspect the brake drum and shoes for wear. Look for uneven wear patterns, cracks, or significant damage which may require replacement rather than adjustment.

5. Locate the Adjuster Inside the drum brake assembly, there's an adjusting wheel or star wheel that controls the position of the brake shoes. It may be necessary to remove a small rubber plug or access cover to reach it.

6. Adjust the Shoes Use the brake adjustment tool or a screwdriver to turn the star wheel. Turning it one way will move the shoes away from the drum, while turning it the opposite will bring them closer. Ideally, you want the shoes to just rub against the drum when it’s rotated.

7. The Backing Up Technique After making the initial adjustments, lower the vehicle and take it for a short drive. Find a safe area where you can back the vehicle up several times. This action helps to seat the brake shoes against the drum properly. You might hear a slight rubbing sound as the shoes make contact; this is normal.

8. Recheck the Adjustment After backing up, lift the vehicle again, remove the wheel, and check the adjustment. The shoes should be correctly seated, and you should notice less gap between the shoes and the drum.

9. Reassemble and Test Drive Once you’ve confirmed that the shoes are adjusted properly, reassemble the wheel and lower the vehicle. Take the car for a test drive to ensure that the brakes are performing effectively.

Conclusion

Adjusting drum brakes by backing up is a straightforward process that can significantly enhance your vehicle's braking performance. This method not only allows the brake shoes to seat properly but also contributes to overall safety. Regular maintenance, including drum brake adjustments, is essential for ensuring your vehicle operates at its best. If you’re uncomfortable performing this adjustment yourself, it's advisable to seek assistance from a professional mechanic. Remember, when it comes to vehicle safety, it is always better to be cautious and thorough.