How to Properly Adjust Your Drum Brakes for Optimal Performance

Adjusting Drum Brakes Which Way to Go?

Drum brakes are a common braking system used in many vehicles, especially older models and those equipped with rear-wheel drive. Proper adjustment of drum brakes is crucial for optimal performance, safety, and ensuring a smooth ride. If you're experiencing issues with your car's drum brakes, it’s essential to know how to adjust them correctly. Here’s a comprehensive guide on which way to adjust drum brakes for maximum effectiveness.

Understanding Drum Brakes

Before diving into the adjustment process, it's important to understand how drum brakes work. The system consists of a drum that rotates with the wheel and brake shoes that are pressed against the inner surface of the drum to create friction and slow down the vehicle. Over time, the brake shoes wear down, leading to a decrease in braking efficiency. Regular adjustment helps maintain the proper distance between the shoes and the drum.

The Adjustment Process

1. Safety First Before attempting to adjust drum brakes, ensure that the vehicle is parked on level ground. Engage the parking brake and wear safety goggles and gloves for protection.

2. Accessing the Brake Assembly Start by removing the wheel to access the drum and brake assembly. Depending on the vehicle, you may need to remove a hubcap or wheel cover.

3. Inspecting the Components Look at the brake shoes for signs of wear, such as uneven surfaces or cracking. If the shoes are worn down too much, they should be replaced before any adjustment is made.

4. Adjusting the Brake Shoes Most drum brakes have an adjustment mechanism that allows for the regulation of the shoe’s position. There are generally two types of adjustment methods - Manual Adjustment This is done using an adjusting wheel or star wheel, located at the bottom of the brake assembly. Turn the star wheel to expand or contract the brake shoes. To tighten the brakes, turn the wheel in a clockwise direction. If loosening, turn it counterclockwise. Be sure to rotate it in small increments and frequently check the fit. - Self-Adjusting Systems Many modern vehicles feature self-adjusting drum brakes that automatically adjust when the brakes are applied. If the system isn’t functioning correctly, it may need manual adjustment.

5. Reassembly Once the adjustment is complete, reassemble the brake components, and reinstall the wheel. Ensure that all parts are securely fastened.

6. Testing the Brakes After reassembly, pump the brake pedal to seat the shoes against the drum properly. Then, take the car for a short test drive, checking for any unusual sounds or behaviors.

Conclusion

Adjusting drum brakes may seem daunting, but with the right approach and tools, it can be accomplished with relative ease. Understanding whether you're dealing with a manual or self-adjusting system can help streamline the process. Regular maintenance and adjustment of your drum brakes not only enhance performance but also contribute to the overall safety of your vehicle. If you’re unsure at any step, consulting a professional mechanic is always advisable.